
In my first cell biology class, I had an introduction about the animal eukaryotic cell, it's structure and the functions of each component.
The eukaryotic cell is delimited by the plasma membrane, which has the function of selective permeability, that is, nothing enters or leaves the cell without it "authorizing". The cytoplasm is where all the components of the cell are organized and is where the various chemical reactions also occur. The ribosome synthesizes / produces proteins for the cell.
Then we have the lysosomes that is responsible for cell digestion, that is, they are able to digest any organic substances. While the lysosomes makes digestion, the peroxisome is responsible for the detoxification of the cell, because it causes the "breakdown" of hydrogen peroxide, which is a toxic substance. The mitochondria was originally separated from the cell and has a unique DNA. Its function in the cell is to generate energy through cellular respiration.
The nucleus is an organelle whose purpose is the protection of genetic material, which we call DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). Rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) synthesizes protein for export, when she leaves the RER, passes through the Golgi complex, which is responsible for passing information from where this protein should go. Then, as it passes through the secretory vesicle, the protein is secreted from the cell.
The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is in charge of the production of lipids (or fats). The lipids serve as energy stores, thermal insulators and also collaborate with the composition of the plasma membrane of the cell.
